Agriculture Canada
History
See also: History of Agriculture and classification of indigenous peoples in the Americas
In the 17th century, Samuel de Champlain and Gabriel Sagard recorded that the Iroquois and Hurons cultivated the land for corn or maize. "Maize (Zea mays), potato (Solanum tuberosum), bean (Phaseolus), pumpkin (Cucurbita) and sunflower (Helianthus annuus) were grown on farmland in North America in the 16th century. Since 2300 the evidence of British Columbia squash was introduced to northern wood. 500 AD Archaeological Discoveries showed the corn in southern Ontario.
East Canada was settled long before the West. Immigration and commercial messages came later to Rupert's Land and the Northwest Territories. The first immigrants combined for agriculture and domestication processes Indigenous knowledge of land and animals of the region.
Since 1605, the French Acadians built dykes in the Maritime Provinces for wheat, flax, vegetables, and livestock grazing marshes. Milk production is the main contribution of New Brunswick, New Scotia and Prince Edward, as well as livestock and mixed farms. A small percentage of land put into service in the orchards and along the Nova Scotia Northwest coast. The American Revolution, 1775-1783, and the output of food decreased by 3.1 thousand hectares authorized auxiliary Newfoundland. In the 19th century began Irish immigrants arriving farmed the land in Newfoundland. A very small percentage of the land is suitable Newfoundland and Labrador for the production of horticultural crops, because there are many forests and geography of the tundra. The province has a milk production and farms. After the Second World War, agricultural training is available in government demonstration farm. Premiums are paid for things such as the purchase of pure-bred bulls, logging, agriculture and assistance on behalf of a Exposure few. The processing industry for fish feed is the major contribution of agriculture in Newfoundland. Newfoundland fisheries, supply cod for the majority, closely followed by herring, haddock, lobster, rose fish, seals and whales. Fishing industry depends heavily on exports and conditions of the world.
Agriculture in the West began with orchards Peter Pond Lake Athabasca in 1778. Although large-scale agriculture still many years away, that of the Hudson Bay Company traders, gold rush miners, missionaries and crops, gardens and raise livestock. The Northwest Territories, Yukon and Nunavut are covered by the Shield Canadian and rocky outcrops, the basements of forests in the Arctic, the phases of stone represent the majority geography. This is a comparatively smaller area population and not for commercial exploitation for the most part. Whaling, shrimp, food processing and contribute to the capture of food production here.
In New France hops, hemp, and cattle have been introduced 1663. The feudal system of agriculture was adopted in Quebec. Quebec's agriculture depends largely As production of fruits and vegetables. In 1890, a competition was started to encourage farmers to improve their holdings to the achievement of Agricultural Merit Order. Competition County farm improvement have been initiated in 1930 involving over 5,000 farms and their evolution over five years. They have interest in livestock and mixed farming and calendar as well. Saint-Hyacinthe operated artificial insemination stations from 1951 to the clubs of breeders.
Working horse and plow by hand.
Columbia Maize executed (cereal grains) laws, from 1794 to 1846, has protected the British zone imports wheat farm in British North America. The reciprocity treaty June 6, 1854, developed a free trade agreement between Canada and the United States that have affected trade in wheat grown in Ontario. Northern Ontario is mainly tundra and forest zone, while the southern Ontario land suitable for farming and agriculture in general and geography adapted for grazing and dairy industries. Fruits and snuff plantations can also be found in southern Ontario. Ontario is the largest mixed soybean grain producer, and shelled corn in the country.
Ontario Farm
Lord Selkirk, founder of the colony of Red River wheat harvest for the first time in western prairies in 1814. Red Fife wheat was introduced in 1868. Swine were taken to the Red River Colony in 1819. The land border in southwestern Alberta and southern Saskatchewan have opened up for livestock in the 19th century. Manitoba has a combination of mixed grains, livestock, agriculture and industry enterprise in the southern regions. Animal husbandry on Lake Manitoba is a great success. Northern Manitoba is composed of large lakes and woodlands. Dominion Lands Act of 1872 provided an opportunity to pioneer farm "test" a quarter section (160 acres acres/65]) in western Canada for a $ 10.00 filing fee and three years of improvements in combination with residence in the territory. However, the cattle along its southwestern corner of Saskatchewan, and grain crops such as wheat, oats, flax, alfalfa, rapeseed (canola in particular) Parkland overlooking the region. cereal mixed dairy farms, mixed farming and grazing points on the central plains region of the province of the prairie.
Alberta is known for its rodeos again, and livestock is an important industry. The agricultural industry is complemented by the livestock and mixed farming and harvesting of wheat. Alberta is the second largest wheat producer in Canada. Cereal and dairy also play a role in the livelihoods of farmers in Alberta.
Elevators Grain
The open park area extends beyond the three Prairie provinces: Manitoba, Saskatchewan and Alberta. The Canadian production of wheat, oats, flax, barley, mainly in the area. Meat processing is the most important industry here, followed by dairy products, breweries, the subsidiary equipment industrial and agricultural.
British Columbia is covered in mountain regions, an eastern frontier of the Rocky Mountains. Livestock, cattle ranches, fruit and dairy farming in parts of the province. Agriculture and fishing are an industry of small contributions over the shadow of the construction and forestry.
Production farm in British Columbia has provided the industry gold rush, mining and forestry. Farmers relied on these local markets, after the boom economic recession of each company, respectively. The Fruit Growers Association of British Columbia, "was created in 1889 to promote market export product. The Canada Agriculture Museum preserves the history of Canadian agriculture.
Canada Agriculture Museum
Agriculture Museum
Canadian Agricultural Museum
Manitoba Agricultural Museum
Ross Farm Museum
CEF
Agriculture Canada
Museum of Agriculture in Ontario
The main agricultural products
See also: Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada
Agriculture Canada has five main areas agricultural production of the products resulting from the farm cash receipts from national and foreign markets.
Five major areas of production agriculture.
Sector
percent sales slip
Primary market
Cereals and oilseeds
(Wheat, durum wheat, barley, rye, flaxseed, canola, soybean, rice and maize)
34%
Domestic and export
red meat - animals
(Beef, pork, veal and lamb)
27%
Domestic and export
milk
12%
national
horticulture
9%
national
Poultry and eggs
8%
national
Several factors influencing the socioeconomic characteristics of Canadian agriculture.
Alberta grain elevator modern cement
Agricultural elements of analysis
Number and type of farms
Biogeography, cultures and areas of land use practices, land management
Amount Livestock and poultry
Agricultural Engineering: Machinery and equipment
Farm capital
Farm operating expenses and revenues
Agricultural Injuries
Crops
See also: Canadian Grain Commission and Canadian Wheat Board
ears of wheat for near
In 2008, Saskatchewan produces more than half of wheat in the Dominion of Canada, combines over more than 9,000 bushels (577.000 metric tons) of wheat. North America led to other continents as the main producer international wheat total world production. Canola, alfalfa, barley, canola, flax, rye, oats and other cereals are grown popular.
Wheat is a staple crop Canada. To help farmers achieve a bountiful harvest in a shortened growing season, wheat varieties were developed in the twentieth century. Red Fife first strain was a wheat could be planted in the fall and grow in spring. Red Fife matured nearly two weeks earlier and was more difficult to wheat and other spring wheat. Dr. C. Saunders, also experimented with Red Fife and Marquis wheat developed that was resistant to rust and matures in 100 days. Other wheat is grown durum wheat, buckwheat and winter wheat. In recent years, Canadian farmers have also begun to cultivate rice due to increasing Asian population in Canada.
The Prairie Farm Rehabilitation Recreation was created in 2008 to provide federal funds Regarding the global economic crisis. The Prairie Farm Rehabilitation Recreation provides farmers with land and irrigation water, wind erosion conservation and development of small holdings in the water. The agricultural credit program created aa Canadian Farm Loan Act which provides for bond and stock lending for agricultural improvements.
Horticulture
Vegetables Poster
Horticulture includes market gardens and fruit is now easier to grow with the development of the areas of plant resistance. Apples, pears, plums and prunes, peaches, apricots, cherry, strawberry, raspberry, loganberry and gardens are numerous and reach commercial size in the Annapolis Valley, Nova Scotia New Brunswick, Quebec, Niagara Peninsula and Norfolk County of Ontario and the Okanagan Valley of British Columbia.
Hazelnuts are harvested in eastern Canada and British Columbia. Maple syrup and maple sugar, maple butter and maple taffy Quebec products along the St. Lawrence River. The main market for syrup Canadian maple sugar are the U.S. potatoes are an abundant harvest Maritime Provinces. The snuff is an agricultural product snuff Belt in Ontario, especially Norfolk County, near Lake Erie and Quebec. Sugar beet and sugar beets are harvested in Quebec, Ontario, Manitoba and Alberta.
Viticulture
Viticulture is respect the culture of the vine. Grapes need a warm winter, which can be found in parts of the Maritimes, southern British Columbia, and places in the Niagara peninsula.
Cattle
Prize Bull
115 000 cattle roamed the grasslands of the south in 1900. Animals can include livestock, also commonly known as cattle. Recently, the domestication of bison and elk has launched a new food industry. The sheep were raised for both wool and meat. barns, beef or pork have been a part of growing cattle. Scientists have made progress on measures of Swine Research responsible for the operation intensive pig. The domestication of farm animals means that many industries such as feedlots for livestock and meat processing also have studied and developed.
Dairy, poultry and eggs
See also: National Council for Agricultural
Chickens pecking at feed
Birds poultry, eggs, chickens, geese, ducks and turkeys are part of a system of supply management, ensure production matches demand.
Milk production is also called milk production. butter production in Canada averaged 330 million pounds (150,000 tons) in 1940, and production cheese between £ 95 million and 208 million pounds (43000-94000 tt) at the same time. The UK has received £ 50 million (23,000 t) in 1949.
The Commission Canadian Dairy Act was passed in 1966 by the Canadian federal government
provide efficient producers of milk and cream with the opportunity to obtain fair compensation for their work and investment and provide consumers with sufficient and continuous supply of high quality dairy products.
Commission Canadian Dairy
. In 1970 the management system of entry into force to regulate the supply of milk, poultry and eggs to meet consumer demand. Marketing collective guarantees that imports are limited in areas where the product can be registered. The federal government imposed price policy to safeguard the welfare producers.
Other
In recent years, farmers grow alternative crops that are economically viable, and among these are the crops organic. The hemp and sheep's wool are the main areas of fiber production in Canada. Wool production is average of £ 16.022 million (7267 tons) in 1930 and 9.835 million] Books (4461 tonnes) in 1949. Linseed flax exported to the United Kingdom. farmers can supplement their income with beeswax and honey and beekeeping learning is overseen by the Branch apiary. owners had successful entrepreneurs as well as increased packaging and marketing of sunflower seeds. Cultures are not only for human consumption, but also for animal consumption, which opens a new market and canary seed. Agriculture rabbit, rabbit or an alternative the new grocery store meat patty. Cannabis is an important crop in some areas, which constitute 5% of GDP in British Columbia. According to BC Business Magazine, the culture is worth 7.5 billion dollars to the province each year and employs 250,000 people. Services exportation was an even greater harvest.
Ministries Agricultural Government
The Ministry of Agriculture contained in the British North America Act (BNA Act) of 1867 provides each province may have jurisdiction over companies agricultural and the federal government can also make the law with regard to agriculture. Newfoundland agricultural enterprises were treated by the Department of Agriculture Department Natural Resources of the Confederacy.
The BNA Act provides that the federal government has exclusive authority of the coastal and inland fisheries. The provinces have RTS waters tides and fishing practices in it only.
Departments of Agriculture, Government
Department
Function
Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada
Responsible for policies related to farm production, farm income, research and development, inspection and regulation of animals and plants. Headed by the Minister of Agriculture (Canada).
Canadian Dairy Commission of Canada
Responsible provide milk producers a fair remuneration for work and investment and provide consumers with high quality dairy products.
Canadian Inspection Food
CFIA consolidated the delivery of all federal food, animal and plant health inspection programs.
Canadian Grain Commission
Responsible for the grain industry. Driven Minister of Agriculture and Agri-Food
Canadian Wheat Board
Fisheries and Oceans Canada
Responsibility conservation and utilization of fisheries resources in Canada.
National Farm Products Council
Responsible for the promotion of agriculture efficient and competitive in Canada and oversees Canadian Broiler Hatching egg marketing, the Canadian Turkey Marketing, Manufacturers Poultry from Canada and the Canadian producers of eggs hatching.
Agricultural Economics
See also: Crow Rate and Economic Diversification Western Canada
Canadian fish farms and ranches produce a variety of crops, livestock, feed, fiber, fuel and other goods by the systematic increase of plants and animals that depend on the geography of the province. In 2001, it had only 246 923 farms with a size of 676 acres (2.74 km) production food and fiber to sustain humans or animals has become more intensive and industrial practices. In 2002, wheat was the greatest area of growth of 12.6%. The Canadian farmers received a record 36.3 billion U.S. dollars in 2001 from the sale of cattle cultures and program payments. In 2001, earned net income of farmers in agricultural production amounted to 1.633 million dollars, equivalent to 0.147% of gross domestic product at market prices is 1.1082 million million dollars. Fishing is also playing an important role, while Forest plays a minor role. Canada abandoned the development of livelihood skills and now sees only 3% of Canadians used as an industrial mechanized farmers can feed the rest of the country's population of 30689.0 thousand (2001) and export markets Foreign .. (32,777,300 Estimated population in Canada was the January 1, 2007).
Trade
Marketing and economic movement of agricultural products Canada was a different challenge. includes trade within Canada that provide goods and inter-provincial. Support agencies and services such as storage, inland railroads, warehouses, shops, banks all impacts on internal trade. Bread Wheat Trade "basket of the world" or supervise the Canadian prairies by the Canadian Wheat Board. Depression in Canada 1882-1897 to a low of 64 cents per bushel ($ 24 / t) since 1893. This period during the administration Laurier has seen thousands of properties void. Wheat prices rose during the World War in 1928, Canada exported large quantities of wheat, flour, and property. The depression had an impact on Canadian exports flowed around 40% of their 1928. European markets detainees need to import wheat from Canada, which began grow their own varieties, and the Second World War put an embargo on the events business to European markets. Canada has become more of an industrial entity at the time of the industrial revolution, and less an agricultural nation. After the Second World War in the United Kingdom signed a contract for a large number of products agricultural products produced, such as bacon, cheese, wheat, oats and barley. After the United Kingdom, the United States is the largest external business partners. From 1943 to 1953 the average Canadian wheat export was 347.2 million bushels (9.449 million t). In three years Wheat Agreement of 1955, including exports of wheat or flour to 28 of 44 importing countries, like Germany, Japan, Belgium, United Kingdom and the Netherlands.
Agribusiness
Food, activities food and fiber production and processing that are not part of the farm. This includes the production of agricultural equipment and fertilizer, with agricultural production. Food also includes companies that buy raw materials in the operation further processing. The industry, refrigerators, flour mills and canning industry be included in the agribusiness processing agricultural products.
industry categories
According to Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada Canadian industries are classified agriculture.
Canadian Agriculture Industries
Industry
Pillar
Brewing industry
It consists of two large companies domestic production of beer: Labatt Breweries and Molson Breweries of Canada Canada
Buckwheat Industry
Buckwheat flour is used to crepes and pasta mixes. Buckwheat is exported mainly to Japan. Most specialty crops in Manitoba
Canary Seed Industry
In 2005, Canada produced 77% of world production of millet. Saskatchewan soils were used for bird seed production.
Industry gum and confectionery
Sugar and cocoa were imported for this industry to foreign companies operating in Canada. Several of $ 1,480,000,000 sweets were sent 1997.
Milk
The Canadian economy agrifood sector of the dairy industry is the third.
Genetics Industry
The record of the results Canadian ROP program finds high dairy cows milk production capacity. qualities of bovine milk are monitored by the Canada Dairy Herd Improvement Production Agency. (Canadian DHI).
Distillery Industry
Canadian whiskey from rye and maize is the main aspect of this industry in Canada. The distillery industry includes the production of whiskey, rum, vodka, gin, liqueurs, spirits, coolers and ethyl alcohol.
Egg Industry
Evolved into an industry producing automated table eggs, enzymes, key egg, processed foods, and support to producers chickens, layer hen (laying hens), producers and grade.
Seafood Industry
This industry produces 5 billion euros per year. the fourth largest exporter of fish is from Canada, the fisheries in the Atlantic, Pacific fisheries and aquaculture.
fodder industry
This class include food for livestock, cows, sheep and horses. Hay is the main forage, supplemented with alfalfa, beans, peas and corn. In addition to domestic markets exports from Canada will arrive in the Pacific Rim.
Fruit Industry
Perennial crops grower of apples, pears, peaches, plums, apricots, nectarines and cherries, followed by the areas of wine grapes. The industry supports fresh, canned, frozen and canned food and production. Perennial crops consistent producer of apples, pears, peaches, plums, apricots, nectarines and cherries, followed by wine grapes. Industry supports fresh , canned, frozen and canned fruit and food production.
Grains and oilseeds industry
Wheat, barley and oats are exports Canadian grain. Rapeseed, soybean and flax are the main exports of oilseeds.
In the grains industry products
Cereal production and supports oil drilling in the manufacture of malt, starch, vegetable fat and oil production and manufacture of breakfast cereals
Hemp Industry
Spin off industries in the production of hemp are aromatherapy, the commercial oil paintings, cosmetics, edible oil, clothing and accessories hemp flour and flour, snack foods, shampoos and conditioners and moisturizers.
Beekeeping industry
Beeswax cosmetics, ointments, wax candles and home. A dietary supplement is a product of bee pollen. Propolis and royal jelly is used in cosmetics, creams, lotions, toners and lip balms. Honey is a sweetener for food production, domestic or commercial.
Industrial agriculture (animals)
Factory farming, farming pigs, integrated multi-trophic aquaculture and shrimp farming are the various forms of industrial agriculture for mass production
Industrial agriculture
Including innovation in agricultural machinery and farming methods, genetic technology, techniques savings of scale in production, creating new markets for consumption, demand for patent protection to genetic information, and global trade
Maple syrup industry
Maple syrup can be used to produce maple sugar, maple butter, chewing gum and a sweetener.
The mustard seed industry
yellow mustard is the highest export followed closely by brown mustard and China. 2007 saw an increase in prices of mustard seeds.
organic industry
certification and performance standards are challenges for the growing organic industry. Agriculture with and without biodynamic organic chemical synthesis provides the consumer with a world factory and the choice of food animals.
Potato industry
Earth Apples Innovation Network (PIN) 2020 was launched in 2006 to support the development of new markets and new uses for the potato market diversification.
Poultry Industry
Avian influenza (bird flu) is the last concern in the poultry industry disease are precautions in place, however, if this strain arrives in Canada.
fruits and vegetables Treaty
The transformation includes vegetables and fruit consumption preserves, cider, jellies, jams, jellies and jams, pickles, sauces, soups, vegetables and fruit juices and vinegar.
pulse Industry
Beans, chickpeas, beans, lentils and understand the industry's pulse. pea soup and bean production processes pork are the pulse of growth. largest exporter of pulse is Canada.
red meat industry
This is the fourth Canadian manufacturing. Cattle, calves, pigs, sheep, lambs, deer, buffalo have been domesticated for red meat exports and domestic consumption.
The seed industry
The producers of seed, field inspectors, registered establishments seeds in test plots, seed and retailers are the pillars of seed production.
Snack Food Industry
Cereal grains, corn, nuts, oils, potatoes, and seeds are the main ingredients in fast foods such as chips, nuts, peanut butter, pork rinds, seeds and snacks.
Industry sunflower seeds
About 80 percent sunflowers grown in Canada are sold as snack of toasted sunflower seeds or without the shell for baking. The main consumer is internal. Birdfeed vegetable oils and sunflower are the smaller markets are developing.
Plant Industry
The edible part of a plant is a vegetable. Vegetables can be marketed fresh or partially processed fruits and vegetables. The greenhouse vegetable industry supports the complete vegetable farmer in the field.
Wine industry
Canadian Vintners produces wines with unique flavors, the characteristics of aging and flavors of international prices. The hybrid grape species native to Canada race results grape wine production in a grape for a longer period short, the cooler growing season, and not a quality elsewhere.
Agricultural
agricultural science began to develop new styles of Agriculture and strains of wheat and for agriculture could become a thriving business. culture methods developed to places such as Indian Head Experimental Farm, Rosthern Experimental Station, Bell Farm. The best crop of the train has traveled rural education pioneer farmers. The 1901 census showed 511,100 farms and the number of farms peaked in 1941 at a record 732.8 thousand farms .. The industrial revolution modernized agriculture mechanized vehicles replaced the oxen and horses plow truck. Farms became much larger and move towards mechanized industrial agriculture.
Production
See also: List countries by GDP sector composition
Agricultural activities are very labor intensive before the industrial revolution and the arrival of tractors, combines, balers, etc. At the end of 1800 to mid-1900s, a large percentage of the Canadian workforce was busy at work, smaller agricultural practices. After mechanization, scientific advances, improved marketing practices of the farms have become more efficient, larger and work. The labor force was released and went to industry, government, transportation, trade and finance. Agriculture, livestock and horticulture fourth employee Canadian census of 1951 and exports of products and Canadian manufacturing companies.
Farm Equipment
The Oliver plow was in use in 1896, which could cut through the prairie grass. Binders that can cut, and tie for the grain harvest season and storage silos have been introduced at the end 1800 as well. Plows, tractors, spreaders, combines to name but a few are applied to mechanical harvesting of corn or vegetable farmers are devices labor-saving. Many Canadian museums, as the Reynolds-Alberta Museum shows the evolution and variety of agricultural machinery.
The wheat crop by combining of
Challenges
Depression and drought of the Dirty Thirties was devastating. This drought has resulted in a massive exodus of the population of the prairie and new agricultural practices such as soil conservation and crop rotations.
soil conservation practices such as crop rotation, cover crops and windbreaks to name but a few have been widely developed thirty dirty and placed fourth in the experience of drought recovery. Literally layers of topsoil blew during that time. Bow River Irrigation Project, Project Red Deer River and the Santa Maria project irrigation in Alberta, have been some of the major projects undertaken by the Rehabilitation Act of Prairie Farm (PFRA), resulting in reservoirs and distribution systems. A current project is Liming (soil) Liming Soil Research Institute of Land Resources. diseases such as wheat and coal foul touch can be successfully treated with fungicide. Diseases of plants and animals can break a farmer. Tuberculosis in animals was a threat to the principle, and the cattle must be tested, and proven areas in 1956. Latest diseases such as chronic wasting disease or transmissible spongiform encephalopathies (TSE) that affects elk and deer. Elk and deer farming is a pioneering field of domestication has had a decline of this disease. mad cow disease in cattle and scrapie in sheep are protected by Canadian Food Inspection. The poultry industry has been affected by the pullorum disease, and control of the herd with the raising of poultry disease has been controlled.
The plants whose characteristics can be modified to resist insects or disease have made progress in the practices of Canadian agriculture. cereal rusts that can destroy most of the areas sown to wheat in 1938 was controlled by the selection of strains that were resistant to rust. This strain was successful until 1950, when again a new strain of rust has been unleashed, and even a new species of wheat known Selkirk was developed that was resistant to rust. Biotechnology is the focus of new investigations and regulations affecting agriculture in this century.
development and education institutions
To increase the viability of agriculture an economical way of life several improvements have been made by various education institutions nationwide. Advances and innovations have been made in various fields agricultural science, agricultural engineering, soil science, agriculture, sustainable agriculture, agricultural productivity, agriculture, biodiversity, bio-engineering, irrigation and swine research sample.
Canadian institutions and education development
Institution
Program Research
Biotechnology Laboratory Animal Embryo
Aebli AI research, embryo biotechnology to improve reproduction requirements.
Central Experimental Farm
Scientific research to improve farming methods and cultures. Features of the Museum of Agriculture Canada, the Dominion Arboretum and the ornamental gardens.
Fees and Climate Oenology Viticulture Institute
CCOVI conducts research to permit the cultivation of the vine and wine production in colder climates.
Devonian Botanic Garden
Emphasis on alpine plants and ecological resistant cold and wetlands, the biology of fungi, horticulture, research, and phenology.
Fisheries Centre
Search for aquatic ecosystems and collaboration with maritime communities, government and NGOs
List of botanical gardens in Canada
North-West Fisheries Center
ANCA is a element of the research facility in Canada Science, Oceans and the Environment (SOE) and the Directorate General of Fisheries and Oceans (DFO) conducts marine research and water conservation.
Nova Scotia Agricultural College
In soil and livestock animal studies.
Ontario Association Horticulture
The regional associations to promote horticultural education in horticulture.
University of Saskatchewan Agriculture and Bioresources College
Engineering and biological resources, economics, agronomy, animal science, environmental science, Food & Applied Microbiological Sciences, Large Animal Clinical Sciences, Plant and Soil Science
Vaccines and Infectious Diseases
The installation of Vido developed to improve DNA vaccines humans and animals.
References
Canadian Agricultural Safety Association
Pesticides in Canada
References
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^ Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada National Land and Water Information and transfer areas of resistance in plants Canada, http://sis.agr.gc.ca/cansis/nsdb/climate/hardiness/intro.html, recovered 11.28.2006
^ Sage Internet Solutions. ((C 1998) - 2006). Valley Okanagan, British Columbia, Canada. Shangaan Webservices Inc.. http://www.okanaganbritishcolumbia.com/. Retrieved on 10/04/2007.
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^ "Canadian Maple Syrup - A Taste of Canada: Our Homegrown Cuisine - CBC Archives. Raceways Broadcasting Corporation. Broadcast 25/06/2004 December 13, 1978. Http: / / archives.cbc.ca/IDC-1-69-1371-8371/life_society/canadian_food/clip4.
^ "PEI potatoes! Prince Edward Island Potato Board - Why Why PEI PEI Potatoes ...". Potato Board. 08/07/2003. Http: / / www.peipotato.org / why_pei.asp. Retrieved 10/04/2007.
^ SEYMOUR, CM; Revised: Philip Gordon. "The snuff-products industry." 2007 Historica Foundation of Canada .. The Canadian Encyclopedia. Http: / / www.thecanadianencyclopedia.com/index.cfm?PgNm=TCE&Params=A1ARTA0008029. Retrieved on 10/04/2007.
^ "Specialty crops. The Canadian sugar beet. The Government of Canada, Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, crops specialized. 08/04/2007. http://www.agr.gc.ca/misb/spec/index_e.php?s1=bet&page=intro. Retrieved on 10/04/2007.
^ ab "The Atlas Canada - Region grape production in 2001. Natural Resources Canada. 02/09/2004. http://atlas.nrcan.gc.ca/site/english/maps/economic/agriculture/agriculture2001/grapes. Retrieved on 4/10/2007.
Torsten ^, Bernhardt. "Biodiversity in Canada: The wood bison. The wood bison. Redpath Museum, McGill University. Http://biology.mcgill.ca/undergra/c465a/biodiver/2001/wood-bison/wood-bison.htm . Retrieved on 10/04/2007.
Thorleifson ^, Ian (07/24/2003). Elk farm beef. Deerfarmer. Http://www.deer-library.com/artman/publish/article_40.shtml. Retrieved 10/04/2007.
^ "Canadian Association of sheep farmers. 2007 Federation of Sheep in British Columbia. 29/01/2007. Http://www.bcsheepfed.com/.
^ Blair, R.. "The cattle pig. 2007 Historica Foundation of Canada .. Canadian Encyclopedia. Http://www.canadianencyclopedia.ca/index.cfm?PgNm=TCE&Params=A1ARTA0003805. This Retrieved on 10/04/2007.
^ Canadian Federation of Agriculture (2007), CFA - Canadian Federation of Agriculture - commodities http://www.cfa-fca.ca/pages/index.php?main_id=25
^ "Poultry Marketplace - Poultry at a glance", Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada (GOC) http://www.agr.gc.ca/poultry/glpl_e.htm, taken 28/11/2008
^ Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, Dairy Commission of Canada, Producers of Canada Dairy Milk Processors Association of Canada., Canadian Centre for Dairy Information Centre of Canada, http://www.dairyinfo.gc.ca/, Retrieved 28/11/2006
^ "The Dairy Commission Act was proclaimed in Canada. ... The Source" (PDF). Dairy Commission Canada. The Government of Canada. 20/01/2000. http://www.cdc-ccl.gc.ca/DCPCDC/app/filerepository/4F4F2F3B066D434C830B026AF00F95E3.pdf. Retrieved on 16/01/2008.
^ "Commission Canadian Dairy / Dairy Commission of Canada. Dairy Commission of Canada. The Government of Canada. 04/07/2006. http://www.cdc.ca/CDC/index_en.asp?caId=123&pgId=2217. Retrieved on 16/01/2008.
^ "The WTO and agriculture management the offer. "G05. Go5 Coalition for an agricultural model of the Fair, Supply Management. 2008. http://www.go5quebec.ca/en/gestion.php. Retrieved on 16/01/2008.
^ Statistics Canada. "2001 Census of Agriculture - Canadian farm operations in the 21st century." Http: / / www.statcan.ca/Daily/English/020515/td020515.htm. Retrieved on 08/01/2007.
^ Abc "Agriculture in Canada." Primary Industries Economy>. Statistics Canada. 26/08/2004. Http: / / www43.statcan.ca/03/03b/03b_002_e.htm. Retrieved on 29/01/2008.
^ Statistics Canada, e-Book (26/08/2004), the economy of Statistics Canada, http://www43.statcan.ca/03/03b/03b_002_e.htm, Retrieved on 07/04/2007
^ Statistics Canada, e-book, Population, Statistics Canada, http://142.206.72.67/02/02a/02a_000_e.htm # T01, recovered 07.04.2007
^ The Daily, Thursday, March 29, 2007. Estimates of the population of Canada, http://www.statcan.ca/Daily/English/070329/d070329b.htm, 07/04/2007 recovered
^ Kerr, DGG, eds (1959). A Historical Atlas of Canada. Thomas Nelson and Sons (Canada) Ltd..
Kerr ^ [, DGG, eds (1959). A Historical Atlas of Canada. Thomas Nelson and Sons (Canada) Ltd..
^ "Agribusiness." Micropædia the Encyclopedia Britannica. 1. Chicago: Encyclopedia Britannica Inc.. 1985. pp. 153 154.
^ Moncrieff, PM (1985). "Agribusiness. The Canadian Encyclopedia Britannica. For an A-. Edmonton: International Editions Alain Stanke. pp. 17.
^ Agriculture Canada, Food and Beverage - Fact Sheets, http://ats.agr.ca/supply/factsheet-e.htm, extracted 28/11/2006
Industry ^ brewer, http://www.thecanadianencyclopedia.com/index.cfm?PgNm=TCE&Params=A1ARTA0000980, Retrieved 1/13/2008
^ Buckwheat production in Canada Market Report, http://www.gov.mb.ca/agriculture/crops/specialcrops/pdf/bib03s01.pdf, retrieved 1/13/2008
^ Canarys> Pulses and Special Crops> Producers, http://www4.agr.gc.ca/AAFC-AAC/display-afficher.do?issn=1174582426353&lang=e, extracted 13/01/2008
^ Barratt, Robert F., industry Confectionery, http://www4.agr.gc.ca/AAFC-AAC/display-afficher.do?issn=1174582426353&lang=e extracted 13/01/2008
^ Werry, Marlene - Client Account Officer / OMAFRA, a snapshot of the dairy industry in Canada, http://www.omafra.gov.on.ca/english/livestock/dairy/facts/snapshot.htm, extracted 13/01/2008
^ An overview of the Canadian dairy industry http://www.omafra.gov.on.ca/english/livestock/dairy/facts/snapshot.htm extracted 13/01/2008
^ Industry Canadian distillery> Agri-food Industries http://www4.agr.gc.ca/AAFC-AAC/display-afficher.do?issn=1171995761751&lang=e extracted 13/01/2008
Poultry Market ^ http://www.agr.gc.ca/poultry/preg-proe_e.htm, taken 1/13/2008
^ Canadian fish and seafood industry, http://atn-riae.agr.ca/seafood/industry-e.htm, Retrieved 1/13/2008
^ Forage http://dsp-psd.pwgsc.gc.ca/Collection/A27-18-14-7E.pdf, extracted 13/01/2008
^ Robert Barratt (2007) ([link broken] Research Scholar) Fruit Growers News, http://www.fruitgrowersnews.com/pages/2003/issue03_11/03_11_BCfruit.html, extracted 13/01/2008
^ Barratt, Robert (2007) ([Link] Academic Search), Fruit Growers News, http://www.fruitgrowersnews.com/pages/2003/issue03_11/03_11_BCfruit.html, extracted 13/01/2008
^ Barratt, Robert (2007), "The fruits and vegetables", The Canadian Encyclopedia (Historica Foundation of Canada.) Http: / / www.thecanadianencyclopedia.com/index.cfm?PgNm=TCE&Params=A1ARTA0003089, Retrieved on 13/01/2008
^ "Canada", Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada (Government of Canada), 23/05/2006, http://www.strategis.gc.ca/canadian_industry_statistics/cis.nsf/IDE/cis3112gdpe.html, Retrieved on 13/01/2008
^ "GDP - NAICS 3112 Gross Domestic Product (GDP) of cereals and oilseeds," Industry Canada (Canadian Government) 23/05/2006, http://www.strategis.gc.ca/canadian_industry_statistics/cis.nsf/ IDE/cis3112gdpe.html, Retrieved 1/13/2008
^ "Hemp Production Industry Canada, Alberta Agriculture and Food, $ http://www1.agric.gov.ab.ca/ department/deptdocs.nsf/all/econ9631, Retrieved 1/13/2008
^ Commercial Honey Industry, http://www1.agric.gov.ab.ca/ department/deptdocs.nsf/all/agdex2743 $ extracted 13/01/2008
^ "The maple syrup industry in Ontario: Responses Frequently Asked Questions ...", Government of Ontario (Queen's Printer for Ontario), 2007, http://www.omafra.gov.on.ca/english/crops/facts/maple. htm, accessed 1/13/2008
↑ New food industry. Canadian mustard price rises sharply lower production (DJ), Friday, January 18, 2008, 18:14 http://www.flex-news-food.com/pages/11747/Canada/Ingredients/canada_mustard_seed_price_rises_sharply_lower_output_dj.html , Retrieved on 13/01/2008
^ "Organic Agriculture in Canada: An Overview (PRB 00-29F), Government Parliamentary Research Branch (Canada) 24/10/2002, http://dsp-psd.pwgsc.gc.ca/Collection-R/ LoPBdP/BP/prb0029-e.htm, Retrieved 1/13/2008
^ "Canada Potato News - Press Releases agricultural AAC industry today helps launch PAPA Innovation Network, Parliament Research Branch (Government of Canada), July 21, 2006, http://www.agr.gc.ca/cb/index_e.php?s1 = n & s2 = 2006 & page = n60721, extracted 13/01/2008
^ Http: / / www.poultryindustrycouncil.ca/, Poultry Industry Council of Canada. Http: / / www.poultryindustrycouncil.ca/ 2006, extracted 13/01/2008
^ Barratt, Robert (2007), "Fruit and vegetables", The Canadian Encyclopedia (Historica Foundation of Canada.) Http: / / www.thecanadianencyclopedia.com/index.cfm?PgNm=TCE&Params=A1ARTA0003089, extracted 13/01/2008
^ Http://www.saskpulse.com/industry/index.php Industry Pulse, taken 1/13/2008
^ "All About Canadian Industry Red meat, Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada (GOC), http://www4.agr.gc.ca/resources/prod/doc/pdf/factsheet06.pdf, extracted 13/01/2008
^ Industry seed http://www.seedquest.com/hosting/germination/sharingthemessage/seed_industry.pdf, Retrieved 1/13/2008
^ Canada http://atn-riae.agr.ca/supply/factsheets/3320_e.pdf extracted 13/01/2008
^ ([Link broken] Research Scholar) National Sunflower Association of Canada Inc., http://www.canadasunflower.com/research-statistics.html, extracted 13/01/2008
^ Agriculture, Fisheries and Aquaculture: Plant Industry, http://www.gov.pe.ca/af/agweb/index.php3?number=79744, taken 1/13/2008
^ Wines from Spain - Modern History http://www.canadianvintners.com/woc/modernhistory.html, extracted 13/01/2008
^ Smith, E. Allan. The Encyclopedia of Research Station of Agriculture Canada in Saskatchewan. "Diversification of the economy of western Canada and the Government of Saskatchewan plains .. Canada Research Centre, University of Regina. Http: / / esask.uregina.ca / agriculture_canada_research_stations.html input /. Retrieved on 11/04/2007.
^ [Jones, Stephen Morgan. Encyclopedia of Canada. " Research stations, agriculture. http://www.thecanadianencyclopedia.com/index.cfm?PgNm=TCE&Params=A1ARTA0006783. Retrieved on 11/04/2007.
^ Hawkes, John (June 15, 2005). "Saskatchewan Gen Web Project - the population of Saskatchewan by John Hawkes. Farm Bell. Rootsweb.com Julia Adamson. http://www.rootsweb.com/ ~ cansk/SaskatchewanAndItsPeople/Volume2/index.html. Retrieved on 11/04/2007.
^ Hawkes, John (June 15, 2005). "SASKATCHEWAN And to his people. "Saskatchewan Gen Web Project 1924 Vol I. Http / / ~ www.rootsweb.com/ cansk / SaskatchewanAndItsPeople / Volume II / index.html. Retrieved 11/04/2007.
^ Valley, Brandon, "Tables of Agriculture, Statistics Canada, Statistics Canada, http://www40.statcan.ca/l01/ind01/l2_920.htm, extracted 28/11/2006
^ McCormick Reaper Centennial Source (International Harvester Company: Chicago) 1931. Virginia Agricultural Experiment Station (November 30, 2006), harvest http://www.vaes.vt.edu/steeles/mccormick/harvest.html cereal
^ "Drought Watch Web site. The Government of Canada, Agriculture and Agri-Food Canadian Rehabilitation Administration Prairie Farm. 03/02/2002. http://www.agr.gc.ca/pfra/drought/index_e.htm. Retrieved on 2006-11-28.
^ Turner RC (1965), "Study of lime potential soil science,: 14, http://scholar.google.ca/scholar?q=info:VT442wAXDoAJ:scholar.google.com/&hl=en&lr=&output Viewport SHM = & = 1 & pg = 1
^ "One Hundred Crop Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada Research Branch, 1886-1986." Series historical / Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada - srie Historical / Canada Agriculture. The Government of Canada. http://epe.lac-bac.gc.ca/100/205/301/ic/cdc/agrican/pubweb/hs27cover.asp. Retrieved on 22/12/2008. Note that this link will load slowly
^ Chronic Wasting Disease Alliance Pyron Technologies, Inc., chronic wasting disease, http://www.cwd-info.org/index.php/fuseaction/about.main, Retrieved 28/11/2006
^ Canadian Food Inspection. "Bovine Spongiform Encephalopathy BSE in North America. Http: / / www.inspection.gc.ca / English / anima / Heas / disemala / bseesb / bseesbindexe.shtml. Retrieved 2006-11-28.
^ "Animal Health Tembladera manual methods of module 1 and 2. The Canadian Food Inspection. The Government of Canada. Http://www.inspection.gc.ca/english/anima/heasan/man/scrtre/scrtre-1 -2e.shtml. Retrieved on 2006-11-28.
^ "GM crops: Steady growth in Ontario and Quebec," Statistics Canada, 12/06/2002, http://www.statcan.ca/bsolc/english/bsolc?catno=21-004-X20021126389, Retrieved 28/11/2006
^ Office CanadiaBranch Biotechnologyn Food Inspection Agency, http://www.inspection.gc.ca/english/sci/biotech/gen/terexpe.shtml [- Animal Health - Scrapie Procedures Manual - Module 1 and 2], "Canadian Food Inspection Agency, http://www.inspection.gc.ca/english/sci/biotech/gen/terexpe.shtml, accessed 28/11/2006
^ Small, E. New agricultural crops for Canada. P. 1552. In: J. Janick (ed.), Perspectives on new crops and new uses. Press ASHS, Alexandria, VA. (1999.). "New Canadian agriculture crops .. Little, Ernest 1999. P. 1552. In: J. Janick (ed.), Perspectives on new crops and new uses. ASHS Press, Alexandria, VA .. http://www.hort.purdue.edu/newcrop/proceedings1999/v4-015a.html. Retrieved on 29/11/2006.
^ "Atlantic Fisheries Centre Northwest (NAFC), the Institute sought guidance http://www.aquatic.uoguelph.ca/Human/Research/Webresearchinst/East/NorthwestAFC/nafc.htm, Retrieved 1/14/2008
Books
Pleva, EG and inches, Spencer, ed (1977). Canadian Oxford School Atlas. Bryant Press Limited. ISBN 0-19-540240-5.
Hardy, WG, eds (1959). From the sea to Tues Doubleday & Company, Inc..
Hutchison, Bruce, ed (1945). The unknown country. Longmans, Green & Co., Toronto.
Daly, Ronald C., ed (1982). The Macmillan School Atlas. Gage Educational Publishing Company, a division of Canada Publishing Corporation. ISBN 0-7715-8268-4.
Cloutier, Edmond, ED (1951). Canada in the 1951 Yearbook of Statistics Annual Official resource, history, institutions, social and economic conditions of Canada. King's Printer and Controller of Stationery. ISBN 0-7715-8268-4.
Cloutier, Edmond, ed (1956). Canada 1956 The Official Guide to the current situation and recent developments. Queen's Printer and Controller of Stationery, Ottawa ..
Kerr, DGG, eds (1959). A Historical Atlas of Canada. Thomas Nelson and Sons (Canada) Ltd..
Dorland, Arthur G., ed (1949). Our Canada. The Copp Clark Publishing Co., Limited.
References
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